The hardness of titanium is generally between 200-350HV
The hardness of titanium varies depending on its purity and degree of alloying. The following is a detailed analysis of the hardness of titanium:
1. Hardness of pure titanium
The hardness of pure titanium is relatively low, usually less than 120 Brinell hardness (HB). This is because the crystal structure of pure titanium is relatively simple and lacks a strengthening mechanism.
2. Hardness of titanium alloys
The hardness of titanium can be significantly improved by adding trace impurity elements (such as aluminum, vanadium, etc.). Generally speaking, the hardness of titanium alloys is between 200-350HV, and the specific value depends on the alloy composition and processing technology. For example:
The hardness in the annealed state is about 32-38HRC.
After processing, the hardness is usually between 250-350HV.
3. Comparison of the hardness of titanium and stainless steel
The hardness of titanium is usually higher than that of common stainless steel (such as 304 stainless steel, whose Brinell hardness does not exceed 187HB). However, the density of titanium is only 60% of that of steel, so its strength/density ratio is significantly higher than that of stainless steel, making it widely used in aerospace and other fields.
4. Factors affecting the hardness of titanium
Alloying: Adding alloying elements (such as aluminum and vanadium) can increase the hardness of titanium.
Processing technology: Heat treatment and surface treatment (such as painting) can further increase the hardness.
Temperature: The hardness of titanium is low at room temperature, but it can be significantly increased at high temperatures.
In summary, the hardness of titanium varies with its purity and degree of alloying, but through appropriate alloying and processing technology, titanium alloys can achieve higher hardness to meet the needs of high-performance applications.
