What is the density of titanium?
Titanium is a metallic chemical element with a density of titanium 4.506 g/cm. Chemical symbol Ti, atomic number 22, located in the 4th period, IVB group in the periodic table of chemical elements. It is a silvery-white transition metal characterized by lightweight, high strength, metallic luster, and resistance to wet chlorine corrosion.
1. Low density of titanium
Titanium is light and belongs to light metal. Its density is 4.506/CM3, which is similar to the density of titanium in the human body, about 1/4 of (19.3/cm3), and 1/2 of cobalt-chromium alloy (8.5/CM3). In the 1950s, foreign countries successfully used titanium to make aircraft engines. For every 1kg weight reduction of the aircraft engine, the weight of the fuselage can be reduced by 4~10kg, and a 1% weight reduction can save 0.4% of fuel. The amount of titanium used in the fuselage of modern aircraft accounts for more than 20% of the fuselage weight. Titanium is a key material for large advanced fighters and large passenger aircraft. It is mainly used for aircraft skin, keel, wing, bracket, beam, landing gear beam aircraft wheel, and other important parts. In addition to aircraft, it is also widely used in aviation, aerospace, military industry, light industry, and other fields. Titanium is not only used in the military industry but also in civilian industry. Bicycle brackets, glass frames, golf clubs, watch cases, and other products used in daily life also use titanium metal. Among them, titanium seamless tube brackets for high-end bicycles are also exported to foreign countries in large quantities.
2. Titanium has high specific strength
Although the density of titanium has a low density and is lightweight, its specific strength (tensile strength/density) is very high, second only to some high-strength polymers such as glass fiber. The specific strength of titanium is about 1.3 times that of aluminum and 1.5 times that of steel. In the temperature range of -253~600℃, the specific strength of titanium is almost the highest among metal materials.
3. Titanium has excellent mechanical properties
Pure titanium has moderate hardness and good ductility. Its hardness, strength, and elastic modulus are close to those of type 3 and type 4 gold alloys, making it a good material for making dentures. Among them, the hardness of titanium is between enamel and dentin, so titanium artificial crowns will not cause excessive wear on the teeth. The hardness of cobalt-chromium alloy crowns and porcelain alloy crowns is high, which often aggravates the wear of the natural surface of the teeth.
4. Titanium has a high melting point and boiling point
The melting point of titanium is as high as 1668℃+_10℃. It is a difficult-to-melt metal and has the highest melting point among dental*casting metal materials. Therefore, conventional casting machines cannot melt titanium. The boiling point of titanium is as high as 3260℃.
5. Titanium has low thermal conductivity
The thermal conductivity of titanium is 16.3~18W/(m·℃), which is lower than that of gold alloys, cobalt-chromium alloys, and nickel-chromium alloys, and is only 1/17 of that of gold alloys. The thermal expansion coefficient is only 8.41*10-6/℃. It can reduce the burning sensation caused by high temperature on food mucosa.
6. Titanium is semi-radioactive to X-rays
If there is a lesion in the crown of the abutment tooth of a titanium artificial crown, the shadow of the lesion can be seen through the X-ray film, which helps diagnose whether the abutment tooth in the crown has caries and the extent of caries without removing the titanium crown.
7. Titanium is non-magnetic
density of titanium will not be magnetized under a strong magnetic field. When patients wearing titanium restorations undergo CT scans or MRI examinations, it will not interfere with the image and will not affect the diagnosis.
8. Titanium has poor wear resistance
The hardness of titanium is between enamel and dentin, and it has poor wear resistance, so the density of titanium will not wear the natural teeth too much.
