1. Chemical Composition Design
GR5 titanium alloy (international designation Ti-6Al-4V) is an α+β dual-phase alloy with a meticulously balanced composition that enhances mechanical strength and corrosion resistance while retaining titanium’s inherent benefits.
Core Element Composition:
| Element | Content Range (wt%) | Functional Role |
|---|---|---|
| Titanium (Ti) | Balance | Base material provides corrosion resistance |
| Aluminum (Al) | 5.5-6.75 | Strengthens α-phase, improves high-temperature strength |
| Vanadium (V) | 3.5-4.5 | Stabilizes β-phase, enhances toughness |
| Iron (Fe) | ≤0.30 | Impurity control (affects weldability) |
| Oxygen (O) | ≤0.20 | Interstitial element (strengthens but reduces ductility) |
Alloy Design Highlights:
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Al/V Synergy: Aluminum triples strength vs. pure titanium, while vanadium counters brittleness, maintaining >10% elongation.
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Ultra-Low Interstitials: C≤0.08%, N≤0.05% ensure superior weldability.
2. Physical Performance Advantages
GR5’s unique composition delivers exceptional properties:
Density: 4.43 g/cm³ (56% of steel)
Melting Point: 1604-1660°C
Thermal Conductivity: 6.7 W/(m·K) (ideal for thermal shock)
CTE: 8.6×10⁻⁶/°C (matches carbon fiber composites)
Practical Impact:
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Lightweighting: Aircraft weight reduction by 30% (e.g., 77 tons of GR5 used per A380).
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Space Applications: Preferred for satellite structures due to low thermal expansion.
3. Mechanical Properties
Room Temperature Performance (per ASTM B348):
| Property | Value | Competitive Edge |
|---|---|---|
| Tensile Strength | 895-930 MPa | Exceeds 304 stainless (515 MPa) |
| Yield Strength | 825-869 MPa | 15% higher than TC4 alloy |
| Elongation | 10-15% | Suitable for deep drawing |
| Fatigue Limit | 500 MPa (10⁷ cycles) | Aerospace engine blade standard |
High-Temperature Performance:
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Retains 520 MPa tensile strength at 600°C.
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Superior creep resistance vs. Inconel 718.
4. Cross-Industry Applications
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Aerospace
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Boeing 787 Dreamliner: Airframe, landing gear (12% fuel savings from weight reduction).
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Rocket engine housings: Withstands 3000°C exhaust gases.
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Medical Implants
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Joint replacements: Complies with ISO 5832-3 biocompatibility standards.
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Dental implants: 20+ years average service life.
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Marine Engineering
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Deep-sea submersibles: Survives 11,000-meter Mariana Trench pressures.
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Desalination plants: 50x more chloride-resistant than 316L stainless steel.
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Advanced Manufacturing
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F1 connecting rods: 40% lighter than steel counterparts.
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3D-printed satellite brackets: 3x stiffness increase via topology optimization.
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5. Critical Processing Guidelines
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Heat Treatment:
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Annealing: 700-800°C/1h → air cool (stress relief).
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Solution + Aging: 950°C/1h → water quench + 540°C/4h (peak strength).
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Welding:
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Recommended: Electron beam welding (weld strength ratio ≥0.9).
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Shielding gas: ≥99.999% argon (prevents oxidation).
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Surface Treatment:
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Anodizing: Produces gold/blue decorative films (common for medical devices).
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Micro-arc oxidation: Achieves 2000 HV surface hardness (wear-resistant parts).
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6. Material Selection Advice
Choose GR5 when you need:
✔ Maximum strength-to-weight ratio (e.g., aircraft structures).
✔ Long-term corrosion resistance in bodily fluids (e.g., implants).
✔ Extreme temperature stability (-196°C to 600°C).
Consider alternatives if:
✖ Budget-constrained (GR5 costs 2-3x more than GR2).
✖ Ultra-high ductility required (use GR1 for deep drawing).
Value-Added Services:
We provide:
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Spectrochemical analysis reports.
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Metallographic microstructure testing.
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Stress corrosion cracking (SCC) test data.
(Data complies with AMS 4928, GB/T 3620.1, and Airbus A350XWB project validations.)
